Gym Instructors Master the Art of Persuasion and Become Sales Professionals

At the end of a particularly hard spin class, sweating like crazy I realised that the instructor had just “persuaded” or “sold” me and my ability to complete the class.  I was planning to just coast along and get a light sweat on.  Yet here I was gasping for air, feeling light headed, needing a lie down and having completed “The hardest class ever” as promised by our instructor.  So how did he do it and how have gym instructors become sales professionals perfecting the art of persuasion rather than army drill sergeants barking orders at participants?

This post will use a format of first describing the quote from the class instructor, and then comparing that to a sales technique or the art of persuasion.

Instructor

“We will be doing 8 tracks today.  The first will be 1 minute at 95% to 100% with 6 minutes recovery at 80%, then 2 minutes on with 5 minutes recovery and so on”.

Sales

Setting an agenda at the start of a sales meeting gives the client an expectation of what will be delivered during the pitch.  It serves as a map, so at anytime if the client gets lost or loses concentration they can quickly understand where they are up to in the pitch.

Instructor

“Who is here to get fitter? Stronger? Lose some weight?

Sales

Sales meetings usually start with questions unless you are in an agency pitch setting.  Why?  So you can understand the needs of your customer and then frame the features and  benefits of your product / service to those needs.  Information is power and can be used as ammunition to help close a sale.

Instructor

“This will be the hardest class you have ever done”

Sales

A confident sales rep should always take a strong position at the start of a meeting/pitch.  “By the end of today’s meeting you will be convinced that advertising on our website will become a critical part of marketing your business”.  Even if the client disagrees, this is a good thing as any objections here, or during the meeting are chances to counter scepticism and further convince them of your point.  Objections show that the client is interested and listening, both good signs.

Instructor

“This class took 5 years to develop by the Australian Institute of Sport  to help train Olympians”. 

Sales

Stating how long your company has been in business or any industry associations helps add credibility to your pitch and helps gain trust with your customer.

Instructor

“This class is scientifically proven to be the best aerobic workout you can get in 40minutes”.

Sales

A feature of the class is that it takes 45 minutes to complete (40 minutes working plus 5 minutes warm up and down), therefore allowing office workers to fit it into a standard lunch break.  However, by telling the class it is scientifically proven to be the best aerobic workout you can get in 40 minutes is turning that feature into a tangible benefit for the class.  Customers buy the benefits of a product, not the features.

Instructor

Instructor: “2 legs down, 3 to go.  Are you with me?”

Class: “Yes

Sales

Gaining positive reinforcement by asking questions during a pitch is essential.  Asking questions like, “Can you see how this would benefit your company?” and getting a positive answer of “Yes” psychologically helps the client sell themself into the solution.  This helps make closing the sale that much easier.

Instructor

“Other classes full of people just like you wanted to give up at this point, but they didn’t, so don’t you give up on me”

Sales

Using testimonials helps leverage social influence and creates a comforting feeling with the client that other people just like them are already using your product or have gone through the same feelings during the buying process.

Instructor

“Those in the front that wanted to get fitter, those in the back who wanted to lose weight, those in the middle who wanted to get stronger, I am with you!”

Sales

When pitching to a group of people, a good sales person will always try to appeal to as many people in the room as possible.  Some clients may be visual and need diagrams or images to help convince them of your message.  Some may be lingual and need to be convinced with technical language.  Some may be kinaesthetic and need to touch a product or see a practical demonstration.

Instructor

“Someone is on your wheel, if you don’t push harder they will pass you”

Sales

An implication question (Part of the popular SPIN sales technique), indicating the negative impacts of not purchasing the product, can put doubt in the customers and helps convince them to buy.

Instructor

“I’m with you, we are in the closing straight, give it everything you have got”

Sales

By reassuring the client that you are in this together, that it’s a partnership and you will be with them at every step is another excellent way to close a sale.

Conclusion

I am not sure where along the line gym instructors went from barking orders to work harder, to actually selling and mastering the art of persuasion.  But I am convinced that effectively selling the benefits of a workout is a far more effective way of getting people to work harder than just barking orders at them.  An excellent book for those interested in finding out more about the art of persuasion isInfluence by Robert Cialdini.

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Small business marketing using twitter

Loads has been written about how to use twitter for marketing and generating new customers using social media, principally Twitter and Facebook.  Apparently its all about “customer engagement” and fancy business words like that.   Some companies use it to field customer service enquiries, like NEC Australia.  But what about customer acquisition?  And how can your average small business owner make use of it?  How do they use twitter effectively whilst trying to run their own business day-to-day?

VamoSpanish – Case Study

Having recently taken some time out to travel overseas, I tweeted asking which suburb was best to stay in Buenos Aires, “Palermo or San Telmo”.  I got a couple of responses and a twitter user called VamoSpanish started to follow me.  They were based in Buenos Aires and were a Spanish school.

As I intended to learn Spanish, I sent them a message about classes, a dialogue followed and I ended up becoming a customer of theirs.  Having now spoken to them, they confirmed that they have a standard set of location-based searches set up for “Buenos Aires” and surrounding suburbs, along with “Spanish classes” and variations.  They check this once a day or as and when they can, as they are busy and do not have a dedicated marketing person, let alone social media person, it’s just a pet project from interested staff members.

Yet, in this instance it was a very effective strategy and resulted in a new client, who spent AU$400, at a very low-cost to them.

Setting up location-based searches or keyword searches is extremely easy when using a twitter client like tweetdeck and is extremely easy to scan and see if there are any relevant results in just a few minutes each day.

Improvements

Although this interaction resulted in a new customer for VamoSpanish, they could have actually improved this interaction by sending me a short response to my original question of where to stay in Buenos Aires; “Palermo or San Telmo”.  This would have removed the need for me to act and make the first contact with them and would have gained my trust by answering my question impartially with no shameless promotion, making me more likely to become a customer when I arrived in Buenos Aires.

For many marketing professionals this post may seem “obvious”, but for many small business owners who do not have much online experience and who are trying to work out how they can make use of the social media world, it may not be.

Conclusion

Social media platforms are not for everyone and it may not be worthwhile investing too much energy into them and losing focus on ensuring you actually provide a quality service to your customers.  However, it can be used in very simple, time efficient ways by small and large businesses alike in very different ways to effectively communicate with customers.

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Great book: The Myths of Innovation (Now Updated)

I am currently away taking some time out traveling, which has given me some great time to read.  A great book, The Myths of Innovation which I read some time ago, is now out in paperback with 4 new chapters – It’s gotten fantastic reviews for being fun, inspiring and a great read.  You have to check it out if you work with ideas or hope to someday.

 

Myths of Innovation Scott Berkun

Myths of Innovation with 4 new chapters

 

 

You can get 2 free chapters here

Or just go and buy the whole thing here, you won´t regret it!

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Inline Validation Implemented Badly in Web Forms (Wizard Clear Advantage)

Web forms have come a long way over the last few years, from bland and lifeless labels with input fields barely better than paper forms, to interactive and beautifully designed experiences like huffduffer.  New technologies like inline validation have really helped web forms become far more intuitive and easier to use, providing timely and helpful feedback to users as they move through a form.

Inline validation, when used correctly provides immediate feedback next to the input field showing that the field has been filled out correctly or incorrectly, without the need to press submit and waiting for the error message.  The example below is from audible, having finished typing in the username field and tabbing to the password field, I was informed that my username had already been taken allowing me to immediately select an alternative.  This saves me time and prevents me getting to the end of the form, pressing submit and only then finding out the username was already taken.

Audible do not show the inline validation until after tabbing out of the field

Audible do not show the inline validation until after tabbing out of the field

I am about to go overseas and signed up for a new credit card that provided zero fees when using it abroad, the Wizard Clear Advantage card.  The sign up form used inline validation to verify my password.  However, as soon as I tabbed into the field I was informed that my password “was too short”.  Not surprising seeing as I hadn’t started typing yet!

wizard clear advantage web form implements inline validation badly

wizard clear advantage web form implements inline validation badly

Using new technologies to help improve the user experience on web forms is essential.  However, you have to be very careful to ensure that the implementation is spot on and does not annoy and confuse users with bad and untimely error messages.

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Using Twitter for excellent customer service

I have been busily packing up my life into boxes in preparation for placing them into storage before I head overseas for a few months sabbatical.  Inevitably, I packed something I now needed, the manual to the washing machine so I could check how to drain it properly.  I had no clue which of the 20 or so sealed boxes it was in and certainly didn’t want to open them all to find it.

I turned to Google to try to find the manual, with no success.  I then checked the website for NEC, the brand of washing machine I own and discovered that they no longer made washing machines.  The signs were not looking good.  In the footer of the site, I noticed they had prominent links to their twitter, youtube and flickr pages.  So, I decided to turn to twitter, but did not hold out much hope.

So, I tweeted them the below message at 10:27am yesterday.

Original Tweet sent to NEC Australia from Alastair Simpson

Original Tweet sent to NEC Australia from Alastair Simpson

They then replied within 2 minutes with the following message.

Initial response from NEC Australia to Alastair Simpson

Initial response from NEC Australia to Alastair Simpson

So, I sent them the model number, as per the below.

Reply from Alastair Simpson to NEC Australia

Reply from Alastair Simpson to NEC Australia

And amazingly they came back to me within 10 minutes and had even posted the manual in pdf format to their website.

NEC Australia posted the pdf brochure to their website

NEC Australia posted the pdf brochure to their website

So, I thanked them with a shout out on twitter giving them a little bit of free PR and was a very happy customer indeed.

NEC Australia got some free PR out of providing excellent customer service

NEC Australia got some free PR out of providing excellent customer service

The experience was almost instant, approximately 10 minutes from first to last tweet, and was completely seamless.  Email, a contact form on a website or phone could not have bettered this excellent customer experience.

NEC do not even manufacture washing machines anymore.  So why give such good customer service for a discontinued product?  They obviously understand how important exceptional customer service can be in engaging consumers and reinforcing their brand image within the marketplace.  Whoever is leading the marketing/customer service (Social media seems to fall into different departments at various companies) team at NEC certainly seems to be doing a great job of utilising all possible channels to engage and manage customer experience.  This is essential in todays changing digital world, where customers are turning to more and more channels of communication to engage with companies. NEC are certainly embracing this change and using it to their advantage, rather than ignoring it like many brands.

In the future, if I am faced between two equivalent products, NEC and another brand, I know where I will be spending my money based solely on this exceptional experience.

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BBC improves interaction design with subtle visual cues

The BBC have been gradually upgrading the design and visual interaction of their pages over the last 12 months.  The latest upgrade is very subtle but is a great improvement to the design and usability of the pages.

Within a deep page of the BBC site if you want to get to the homepage or a high level category, you can access these using the horizontal navigation bar pictured at the top of the page in black below.

 

BBC inner page

BBC navigation

 

However, when you hover over the categories the tab is highlighted in grey to visually indicate you can click it.  This is very subtle but a really nice improvement to the design and interaction on the site.

 

BBC Navigation On Hover

BBC Navigation On Hover

 

Likewise, on the homepage you have been able to personalise the news modules that appear to suit your preferences for some time.  However, unless you hovered over the header of a particular module (Sport for example) and noticed the 4 way arrow cursor, you would never really know about this great feature.

 

BBC Homepage

BBC Homepage with news modules

 

To help draw attention to this, the BBC have added a highlighted box around the area on hover.  This helps draw your attention to it as you scroll around the page and will give you a better visual cue that it can be dragged and dropped to a different position.  Again subtle, but a really big improvement to help aid the interaction and draw attention to the feature.

 

BBC Homepage On Hover

Visual cues on hover help draw attention to the customisable sections of the BBC homepage

 

Conclusion

Subtle design cues combined with an excellent implementation of the interaction design can really help deliver an exceptional user experience.

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Primary Actions Its Not Hard!

Summary

When designing a web form or landing page, there are usually different paths a user can take through the form or from the landing page.  Usually the typical path a user wants to achieve through a form is completion, so primary actions on these pages are things like “next”, “save” or “continue”.  Secondary actions are things like “Back”.  From a landing page the user probably wants to “Add to cart” or “Buy Now” as the primary action.  Visually distinguishing primary actions to make them obvious should now be common practise thanks to excellent work by Luke Wrobleski in web form design and commonly used design patterns, but why do so many websites continue to get it wrong?

Primary actions on ecommerce sites

I recently saw Paul Robinson, the Marketing and Communications Manager at the ABC present at webtrends.  He talked about some of the AB and multi-variant testing they had undertaken to optimise their landing / product pages on the ABC ecommerce shopping site.  One of the best increases in CTR came from changing the design of the page so that “Buy Now” was the only button on the page.  Other secondary actions, “Add to wishlist” and “Tell a friend”, were turned into links, screenshot below.  This yielded a 10% increase in the click through rate (CTR) on the Buy Now button.  Pretty impressive for such a small change and shows the importance of AB Testing, as well as visually distinguishing the primary action.

ABC Product page call to action

ABC Shop with visually distinguished button as the primary action

As I started to think about my experiences on the web I realised that many sites break this design pattern and make users unnecessarily think about the primary actions on a page.

Don’t make me think!

Compare the above example to my online bank.  When I am submitting a payment this is the screen I am presented with on my iphone and on the standard desktop version.

NAB Online Iphone Banking

Iphone: NAB online banking does not visually distinguish between primary and secondary actions.

Desktop: Primary and secondary actions are visually identical, making it easier to accidentally click the wrong button

Desktop: Primary and secondary actions are visually identical, making it easier to accidentally click the wrong button

Both buttons are identical and I need to read and parse the information before I can confirm which one to click.  I am sure many users have accidentally clicked “Back” or “Cancel” and either been frustrated with their experience, or worse missed payments and been charged a late payment fee if they didn’t realise they had made a mistake.

Gmail is the same, the only indication of the primary action is the bolder text on the button, which I do not think is enough.

gmail primary action not obvious

The primary action of send is not obvious in gmail

It certainly is not hard to visually distinguish between primary and secondary actions using either colour, or by using buttons and text links as the online business directory hotfrog have done below (Note; Author works for Catch who publish HotFrog) .

Hotfrog Add your business primary actions

Visually distinguished primary and secondary actions

I suspect the only reason sites are designed with two identical looking buttons is so they are symmetrical and look visually attractive on the page.  However, it just creates potential problems for users by putting doubt in their mind over which button to click.

Conclusion

Make it obvious and easy for users to know where to go next and don’t make them process unnecessary information.  Remove any ambiguity from your web pages for users by visually distinguishing primary and secondary actions.  It may not only lead to increased CTR on landing pages, but also higher completion rates in web forms and shopping cart processes, as well as happier users.

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Confirmation Pages – “Am I done yet?”

Summary

Giving easy and obvious feedback to users to tell them if a task they have been completing on your site has been completed, is extremely easy by following simple design patterns.  Yet so many websites continue to fail and keep users asking, “am I done yet?”

Design Pattern 1: Use colour

Colours convey strong and obvious meanings without the need to read or even scan copy.  Green conveys go, success, or completed.  Yellow conveys a warning that you may need to check something.  Red, means that something is seriously wrong!

Even though this is quite an obvious convention, some sites insist on breaking it, making users process and parse unnecessary information and question whether or not they have actually completed a task.  Check out the screenshot below from Australia’s most popular ticketing website, ticketek. Having just updated my personal details using a standard web form and hitting save, the page reloaded with a stark red message.  Instinctively I scrolled and scanned the page to see what I had done wrong, as I associated red with an error so didn’t bother reading the copy, I just wanted to find out which part of the form I had done wrong.  It wasn’t until I actually read the message I realised that this was their somehwat deceiving confirmation message.

ticketek confirmation message

Using red makes it visually unclear that the task has been completed successfully

Design Pattern 2: Use an icon

If a picture can say a 1000 words, then so can a well used icon.  If a user has successfully completed a task, a simple tick icon will make it immediately obvious to them.  Similarly, if they have done something wrong, a red cross or yellow triangle warning icon will help draw their attention to any copy around this that they may need to read.

Linkedin does this really well, without even reading the copy I am given excellent visual feedback using icons and colour, about my actions and immediately understand whether or not I need to check the information I have entered.

Linkedin confirmation message

Linkedin uses icons and colour to clearly convey meaning to users

Linkedin error message

Linkedin provides clear visual feedback using colour and icons when something needs checking

Design Pattern 3: Send means send

Don’t add in unnecessary and unexpected steps to work flows, which break obvious conventions.  Once a user has filled out a form and hits send, then unless they have unwittingly not filled out part of the form, the message should send.  This may seem very obvious, but sites still add in confusing and unexpected actions.

This example from the largest home loan lender in the UK, Nationwide is extremely poor and will definitely be causing them problems in their customer service department due to unsent messages and subsequent angry customers.  Within the secure account area of their website, I filled out a contact form and hit send.  A completely new page loaded and I logged out.  I didn’t receive any response to my message for 2 weeks, so followed up with another (very disgruntled) message.  This time when I hit send I read the confirmation page and rather than actually sending my message, the page offered “useful articles which may help answer my query”.  But if they didn’t help then hit “confirm” (Again!!) to actually send the message.

Nationwide Building Society Message

By not following conventions and requiring an additional action to send a message, Nationwide is confusing users.

Offering FAQs and resources to help customers and reduce the volume of emails into customer service is fine.  But this implementation is extremely poor and will only increase the number of annoyed customers whose original message was not actually sent.

Conclusion

Follow simple design patterns and don’t break with obvious conventions when designing your site.  Provide clear and obvious visual  feedback to users on their actions and do not leave them questioning if they are done.

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If you only know 2 things about how to sell UX….

What are the most important things to know about sales and how to sell UX to your manager?  This is a very tricky question as believe it or not, sales is an extremely complex profession, which takes many years to truly master.  However, if you are a UX professional you probably don’t have years to find your feet in sales and want to know easy to master techniques to help pitch your UX skills to your manager.   So, I have attempted to break it down  into what I believe are the 2 most important things to remember when trying to pitch UX to your manager.

Ask questions

Selling is as much about asking questions as it is about answering them.  To truly understand what the problems being faced by your manager and the business are, you have to ask them questions.  And don’t let them get away with superficial answers.  Really listen to their answers and then ask follow-up questions to get to the bottom of the problem.  Only then will you really be able to frame your solution to the real problems facing your manager and the business.  Asking questions and getting to the root of the problem, is giving you invaluable ammunition to use when you actually go into pitch for budget for UX work.  Finding out the real problems gives you important information you can use to help leverage and convince your manager you can solve them.  You will have a far stronger pitch if you can say; “According to our Sales Director, the lack of sales enquiries coming through the website is causing a 20% drop in revenues per month”.  Use these problems you have discovered to your advantage, as ammunition to help give weight to the solutions you can provide with your UX skills.

Don’t try to sell a feature

This is the biggest mistake anyone (Especially rookie sales reps) make when starting out in their sales career.  They always try to sell a feature to a customer.  “We added inline help messages to the web form”.  You may love your new inline help messages, but the customer or your manager does not care as this is merely a feature and means absolutely nothing to them.  However, if you finish that sentence with “which has or will result in more people completing our check out process and more online orders being processed”.  The customer or your manager suddenly finds this very compelling as that feature has been transformed into a clear benefit to the business.  Create a simple table with the feature you are proposing on the left and the actual benefit to the business on the right.  Then when you are creating your pitch make sure you include the benefit and don’t try to sell a feature.

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More resources:

How UX can get the budget they want

Pitching UX for the first time

Selling what we do (from Johnny Holland)


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Pitching UX for the first time

Summary

Confidently pitching the importance of UX to your manager for the first time can definitely be tricky.  Just like approaching strangers in a bar, it can be nerve wracking, exciting, fearful, you may have read lots of books on one liners and can mostly come across like you know what you are doing, but its always an unknown experience.  However, when pitching you can practice your pitch, refine it using colleagues and friends, without the fear of rejection to really make sure you create an impact when you pitch for the first time.

Practice the art of seduction

On a first date, is your partner going to be more impressed if you never stop talking about yourself, or seem interested in them, ask questions and actually listen?  Pitching and sales is very much the same.  The image of sales people is often tarnished by the rude, brash, sales rep who just won’t stop talking about their product.  This is not good sales practice and a good sales person will always ask questions about your business before trying to sell you a product to fix a problem they probably have no idea about.

Prior to your pitch you have to ask questions of your manager, those who report to your manager and anyone else relevant in your organisation who will be at the pitch (customer service are usually a great starting point as they bear the brunt of poor website design).  Find out what the key problems facing the business are? Are sales up, down, or flat?  Does your manager have a problem with the current website?  If so what is it and why?  Is he aware that “x” is currently causing a problem?  You have to then actively listen, which is very different to listening.  When you actively listen you ask questions depending on the response given.  So if you hear that sales are flat, you should ask if any possible causes have been identified.  If they have, what are they?  Leads have dipped from the website?  The GFC causing problems in the marketplace?  A competitor has recently launched a better product?  By actively listening and asking pertinent questions you will usually be able to get to a root cause of the problem, which you will hopefully be able to fix by improving the design of your website.

Everyone needs a good wingman/woman

Once you have a platform to work from, start meeting with key members who will be at your pitch informally, take them for a coffee.  For example, if the customer service manager has said that they have seen an increase in complaints directly due to a problem with the website, resulting in extra overtime, which has subsequently increased costs, find out what has caused that issue, engage them and then leave them in no uncertain terms that the solution you are proposing will help ease these problems.

Have sales leads dipped on the website?  If so, speak to the sales director, find out what impact this has had on sales?  Do leads via the website have a higher conversion rate than cold calling?  If you could deliver “x” % more leads, what affect would that have on revenue?  Whatever the problem is, find an angle where you can make a difference, but get key people on your side prior to the meeting.  You need to have allies in the room, just like you need a good wingman/woman when approaching a pair of strangers in a bar.

Flirting – practice makes perfect

Once you understand the problems and have worked out a good angle toapproach the pitch from, practice in front of the mirror, to your friends, colleagues, wife, husband, and anyone who will listen.  Good sales people and presenters are not naturally born with the gift of how to pitch and present.  It takes practice, much like refining your flirting techniques over time.  You know when a bad one liner doesn’t work, so you wouldn’ t use it again, right?  So whilst practising your presentation flow, if something doesn’t work or feel right, you know not to use it during your pitch.  When the time comes to actually pitch, it should not be the first time you have gone through the material.  It should be the 5th time, at least.  This isn’t to make you word perfect, but so that you know the material and understand the flow of the presentation.  Read Scott Berkuns book, confessions of a public speaker to find out more about how to prepare for public speaking and pitching.

Getting to first base

Once you have worked out an angle to approach the pitch from having questioned key members of the team,  now you need to work out a way to deliver your message and solution in a compelling manner that will really hit the mark with your manager.  This often does not involve pulling together a big pitch.  Sometimes it can be a 5 minute hard hitting off the cuff chat, check out my posts on pitching UX creatively and getting sign off in 60 seconds to find out more.  You have to decide what will work best within your organisation.

If it’s a full on pitch your boss wants though, you must follow some tried and true sales techniques when structuring your pitch:

  • Set the scene – show the problems currently afflicting your site (From your questioning of managers).
  • Show the impact of those problems on the business in real terms.  I.e. less sales leads are coming in therefore revenue is down X %.  Break it down for your manager.
  • Get positive reinforcement abd buy in from your allies in the crowd that the above are true.  Don’t be afraid to ask them to confirm the impact and potential upside.
  • Once you have everyone in agreement on the problems, confidently tell them you can fix these in X weeks, with a cost of X.  The solution will drive an estimated X % more sales leads, therefore X more in real revenue.  Again, break it down in real terms for your manager.
  • Keep it simple, don’t use jargon or big words for the sake of it.  ‘Inline contextual help” means nothing to your manager and will only alienate him and make him feel stupid.  Keep it simple and to the point, focus on the real benefits of your solution to the business, not the features you will apply to get there.

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